What is the optimal ventilation rate (CFM per bird) in a closed brown layer house?

Ventilation engineering is critical to prevent respiratory disease and heat stress in commercial layer houses. Minimum ventilation is designed to maintain air quality without dropping house temperature, bringing in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, water vapor, and toxic ammonia gas ($NH_3$). In summer, tunnel ventilation uses high-volume exhaust fans to pull air through evaporative cooling pads at a velocity of 2.5 to 3.0 meters per second. This air speed creates a wind-chill effect that cools the birds' skin. Suboptimal CFM (Cubic Feet per Minute) capacity leads to rapid heat accumulation, drop in lay rates, and faded shell colors. Farmers can utilize Poultry Plaza to calculate the required fan-to-pad ratios, read engineering guides in the Poultry Encyclopedia, monitor egg market trends on Poultry Rates, and list their eggs on Murghi Mandi.